The Impact Of The United States Foreign Policy During The Donald Trump Government On Global Climate Governance
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33822/mjihi.v5i1.4093Keywords:
Impact, Withdrawal Policy, United States, Paris Agreement, Climate changeAbstract
The problem of climate change is one of the most crucial issues today. The various impacts that have occurred due to climate change have increased the world community's awareness of the effects in the future. This was exacerbated by the existence of U.S. foreign policy when the Trump administration voted to exit the Paris Agreement. The lack of research into the impact of the U.S withdrawal from the Paris Agreement on tackling global climate issues has prompted the study. This paper will analyze the impact of what has arisen from the U.S withdrawal from the Paris Agreement during the Trump administration, using foreign policy theory in interpreting the actions or policies taken by Donald Trump in the withdrawal from the Paris Agreement, the constructivist approach used in analyzing international regime formation as a social construct, the concept of climate governance in analyzing the impacts that occur, and the Theory of International Regimes initiated by Stephen Krasner examines the world's climate change regime. The method used in this research is a qualitative research method with explanative writing techniques. This study shows that there are three significant impacts resulting from the Withdrawal of the United States from the Paris Agreement, among others, the increase in global emissions that are bad for the environment, which is indicated by increased activity that produces gas emissions in the United States region. Second is the decline of climate finance mechanisms that will affect the quality of climate change reports produced. Third, this withdrawal will also affect global climate governance, which will affect the compliance of member countries to the agreement.
References
Agung, A., Ngurah, M., Septiadi, P., Hukum, F., Udayana, U., Yasa, M. M., Hukum, F., & Udayana, U. (1969). Kekuatan Meningkat paris agreement negara-negara anggotanya Jurnal Kertha Desa, 9(8), 13–21.
Asadnabizadeh, M. (2019). Climate change in the foreign policy of the Trump administration. Environmental Policy and Law, 49(2–3), 195–202. https://doi.org/10.3233/epl-190157
Bakry, U. suryadi. (2017). Metode Penelitian Hubungan Internasional. pustaka pelajar, 200
Boesche, I. R. (2016). Kautilya’s Arthasastra on war and diplomacy in ancient India. The Journal of Military History, 67(1).
Böhringer, C., Rutherford, T. F., & Böhringer, C. (2017). U.S. Withdrawal from the Paris Agreement: Economic Implications of Carbon-Tariff Conflicts. Harvard Project on Climate Agreements, 89, 1–39.
Chai, Q., Fu, S., Xu, H., Li, W., & Zhong, Y. (2017). After the United States declared its withdrawal from the Paris Agreement, the gap report of global climate change mitigation, finance, and governance. Chinese Journal of Population Resources and Environment, 15(3), 196–208. https://doi.org/10.1080/10042857.2017.1365450
Chestnoy, S., & Gershinkova, D. (2017). U.S.A. withdrawal from Paris agreement - What next? International Organisations Research Journal, 12(4), 215–225. https://doi.org/10.17323/1996-7845-2017-04-215
Darajati, M. R. (2020). Efektivitas Protokol Kyoto Dalam Masyarakat Internasional Sebagai Suatu Rezim. Shar-E : Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi Hukum Syariah, 6(1), 17–24. https://doi.org/10.37567/shar-e.v6i1.10
Diogenes. (2020). Prinsip-Prinsip Yang Terdapat Di Dalam Konvensi Dan Protokol Perubahan Iklim Dan Tanggung Jawab Negara-Negara Khususnya Negara Maju. Justitia Jurnal Hukum Fakultas, 4(1), 39–56.
Gottlieb, R. S. (2020). “The Historical Roots of our Ecological Crisis.” This Sacred Earth, 212–221. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203426982-39
Greene, L. A. (2000). United nations framework convention on climate change. Environmental Health Perspectives, 108(8), 47–100. https://doi.org/10.35935/edr/31.2513
Hakiem, F. N. (2018). Kekuasaan Produktif Amerika Serikat Dan Konvensi Perubahan Iklim Pasca Paris Agreement. Dauliyah Journal of Islamic and International Affairs, 3(2), 147. https://doi.org/10.21111/dauliyah.v3i2.2500
Haryanto, H. C., & Prahara, S. A. (2019). Perubahan Iklim, Siapa Yang Bertanggung Jawab? Insight: Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi, 21(2), 50. https://doi.org/10.26486/psikologi.v21i2.811
Karl, T. R., Knight, R. W., Easterling, D. R., & Quayle, R. G. (1996). Indices of climate change for the United States. Journal Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 77(2), 279–292. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0477(1996)077<0279:IOCCFT>2.0.CO;2
Lai, A. T., Lin, I. C., Yang, Y. W., & Wu, M. F. (2012). Climate change and human health. Journal of Internal Medicine of Taiwan, 23(5), 343–350. https://doi.org/10.6314/JIMT.2012.23(5).05
Lloyd Jensen. (1982). Explaining Foreign Policy. Prentice Hall, Inc.
Murdiyarso, D. (2003). Sepuluh Tahun perjalanan negosiasi konvensi perubahan iklim. Penerbit buku kompas.
Pickering, J., McGee, J. S., Stephens, T., & Karlsson-Vinkhuyzen, S. I. (2018). The impact of the U.S. retreat from the Paris Agreement: Kyoto revisited? Climate Policy, 18(7), 818–827. https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2017.1412934
Pradita, S. (2017). Implikasi Ratifikasi Protokol Kyoto terhadap Politik Internasional dan Domestik Indonesia. Jurnal Analisis Hubungan Internasional, 6(1), 181–191.
Pramudianto, A. (2016). Dari Kyoto Protocol 1997 Ke Paris Agreement 2015 : Dinamika Diplomasi Perubahan Iklim Global Dan Asean Menuju 2020. Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional, 18(1), 76. https://doi.org/10.7454/global.v18i1.119
Rifqi, B. (2018). Kebijakn Presidden Amerika Serikat Donald Trump keluar dari Paris Agreemnet (COP-21). JOM FISIP, 5(2), 1–15.
Sayyidati, A. (2017). Isu Pemanasan Global dalam Pergeseran Paradigma Keamanan pada Studi Hubungan Internasional. Jurnal Hubungan Internasional, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.18196/hi.61103
Shinta, F. D. (2020). Desekuritisasi Isu Perubahan Iklim Amerika Serikat Melalui Kebijakan Penarikan Diri Dari Paris Agreement 2015. Padjadjaran Journal of International Relations, 2(1), 84. https://doi.org/10.24198/padjir.v2i1.24010
Sinaga, I. F. (2020). Analisis Emosi Presiden Donald Trump terhadap penarikan diri Amerika Serikat dari Paris Agreement. Journal Of International Relations, 6(3), 411–421.
Subarkah, H. R., Yani, Y. M., & Hidayat, T. (2019). Pengaruh amerika serikat keluar dari paris agreement 2015 terhadap keamanan nasional amerika serikat 1. Journal Social Politic, 20(2), 2–19.
Ullman, R. (1967). Redefining Security. Journal of International Security, 8(1), 129–153.
Wahyuni, H. (2018). Keluarnya Amerika Serikat dari Paris Agreement 2015. Jurnal Hubungan Internasional, 6(4), 1787–1806.
Zen, R. W. (2013). Kebijakan Politik Republik Rakyat China Sebagai Negara Penghasil Emisi Gas Terbesar di Dunia tahun 2011-2016. Jurnal Kajian Politik, 53(9).
Zhang, H. Bin, Dai, H. C., Lai, H. X., & Wang, W. T. (2017). U.S. withdrawal from the Paris Agreement: Reasons, impacts, and China's response. Advances in Climate Change Research, 8(4), 220–225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accre.2017.09.002
Zhang, Y. X., Chao, Q. C., Zheng, Q. H., & Huang, L. (2017). The withdrawal of the U.S. from the Paris Agreement and its impact on global climate change governance. Advances in Climate Change Research, 8(4), 213–219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accre.2017.08.005
