The Internalization of International Norms on Children's Rights in Makassar: A Pentahelix Model Perspective
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33822/mjihi.v8i2.12127Keywords:
internalization of international values and norms, children's rights, children's participation, ; Makassar Children's Forum, pentahelixAbstract
This qualitative case study examines the process of internalizing international children's rights norms at the local level in Makassar through PentaHelix collaboration, focusing on the Makassar Children's Forum (FAM) and the Office of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection (DP3A). Data was collected through direct observation at the FAM secretariat and DP3A office, in-depth interviews with 12 FAM board members and staff, as well as DP3A staff, and a review of official documents, regulations, and literature. Thematic analysis revealed three key findings that first, the Norm Emergence stage, where the DP3A plays a role in translating the values of the CRC into training modules and policies; second, the Cascade and Adaptation stage, which explains the cross-sectoral integration of children's rights norms through Perwali No. 2/2017, CSR initiatives, and community campaigns; and third, the Internalization stage, which involves the adoption of participatory practices at the family level and sustained multi-stakeholder engagement. The findings indicate that FAM functions as a "norm translator," facilitating direct child participation and reinforcing policy implementation's local values (siri', gotong royong). The contributions of this research include the integration of the Norm Life Cycle theory (Finnemore & Sikkink) with the PentaHelix model, as well as practical recommendations to strengthen coordination mechanisms, enhance child-friendly CSR capacity in SMEs, and leverage digital media for broader norm diffusion. Further research is recommended to explore the longitudinal impact of digital participation platforms on child agents.
Keywords: internalization of international values and norms; children's rights; children's participation; Makassar Children's Forum; Pentahelix.
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