Multiple Sclerosis Relapsing Remitting Progressive Type
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33533/jpm.v14i2.2208Keywords:
auto imun, demyelination, lhermitte sign, multiple sclerosisAbstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common neurologic demyelinating disease in high-income countries. The causes of MS is multifactorial involve genetics and the environment in which immune cell infiltration occurs across the blood-brain barrier, causing inflammation, demyelination, gliosis, and neuroaxonal degeneration in the substantia grisea in the central nervous system. A 23-year-old female patient was treated with four limbs weakened since 2 weeks ago accompanied by blurred vision, pain, cramps and stiffness in the back muscles and legs. The patient has experienced the same complaint before. Clinical findings reveal lhermitte sign, atrophy papillae, and tetraparese. On thoracic vertebral MRI examination without contrast and brain MRI with contrast obtained multiple sclerosis lesions. Patients receive steroid and antidepressant therapy. MS needs to be studied further because this number of cases began to emerge.
References
[1] Bellou V, Belbasis L, Tzoulaki I, Evangelou E, Ioannidis J. Environmental risk factors and Parkinson's disease: An umbrella review of meta-analyses. Parkinsonism & Related Disorders. 2016;23:1-9.
[2] Jácome Sánchez E, García Castillo M, González V, Guillén López F, Correa Díaz E. Coexistence of systemic lupus erythematosus and multiple sclerosis. A case report and literature review. Multiple Sclerosis Journal - Experimental, Translational and Clinical. 2018;4(2):1-9
[3] Dobson R, Giovannoni G. Autoimmune disease in people with multiple sclerosis and their relatives: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Neurology. 2013; 260(5): 1272-1285.
[4] Moutsianas L, Jostins L, Beecham A, Dilthey A, Xifara D, Ban M, et al. Class II HLA interactions modulate genetic risk for multiple sclerosis. Nature Genetics. 2015; 47(10): 1107-1113.
[5] Patsopoulos N. Genetics of Multiple Sclerosis: An Overview and New Directions. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2018; 5-12
[6] Hayes C, Nashold. FE. Vitamin D and multiple sclerosis. Vitamin D, Volume 2 : Health, disease, and therapeutics. Elsevier. 2018; 989-1023
[7] Bhigjee A, Bill P. Case report: multiple sclerosis and sle revisited. Medical Journal of Islamic Academy of Sciences. 1999; 12(3): 79-84
[8] Kaplin, A. Depression in multiple sclerosis. In Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics. Ed.3. Ed. Cohen JA, Rudick RA. London: Informa Healthcare. 2007; 823-841
[9] Filippi M, Bar-or A, Piehl F, Preziosa P, Solari A, Vukusic S, Rocca MA. Multiple Sclerosis. Disease primer. 2018; 43(4): 1-27
[10] McDonnell GV. Clinical features of multiple sclerosis. In Multiple Sclerosis for the Practicing Neurologist. Volume 5. New York : Demos Medical Publishing. 2007; 7-18
[11] Bethoux F. Management of spasticity in multiple sclerosis. In Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics. Ed.3. Ed. Cohen JA, Rudick RA. London: Informa Healthcare. 2007; 785-797
[12] Perdossi. Pedoman Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana Multipel Sklerosis di Indonesia. Badan Penerbit FKUI. 2015; 23-29
[13] Samkoff LM, Cohen JA, Goodman AD. Disease-modifying therapy for multiple sclerosis in clinical practise. In Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics. Ed.3. Ed. Cohen JA, Rudick RA. London: Informa Healthcare. 2007; 721-744
[14] Kes VB, Zavoreo I, Seric V, Solter VV, Cesarik M, Hajnsek S, et al. Recommendations for diagnosis and management of multiple sclerosis. Acta Clin Crost. 2012; 51: 117-135
[15] Garg N, Weinstock-Guttman B. Treatment of pain, paresthesias and paroxysmal disorders in multiple sclerosis. In Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics. Ed.3. Ed. Cohen JA, Rudick RA. London: Informa Healthcare. 2007; 845-862
[16] Krupp LB, McLinskey N, MacAllister WS. Fatique in multiple sclerosis. In Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics. Ed.3. Ed. Cohen JA, Rudick RA. London: Informa Healthcare. 2007; 771-783
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright Notice
All articles submitted by the author and published in the Jurnal Profesi Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan, are fully copyrighted by the publication of Jurnal Profesi Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License by technically filling out the copyright transfer agreement and sending it to the publisher
Note :
The author can include in separate contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of rich versions of journal publications (for example: posting them to an institutional repository or publishing them in a book), with the acknowledgment of their initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (for example: in an institutional repository or on their website) before and during the submission process because it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and more powerful citations of published works. (See Open Access Effects).