Sistematik Literature Review Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi oleh Perempuan Nelayan pada Perikanan Skala Kecil

Authors

  • Aska Leonardi

Keywords:

Gender, perempuan nelayan, perikanan skala kecil, pemberdayaan, Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK) oleh perempuan nelayan dalam konteks perikanan skala kecil melalui pendekatan systematic literature review. Kajian ini menggunakan protokol PRISMA dengan menyaring 3741 artikel menjadi 31 artikel relevan, yang kemudian dianalisis secara mendalam. Hasil sintesis menunjukkan bahwa TIK berperan penting dalam memperluas akses pasar, meningkatkan efisiensi distribusi, serta memperkuat posisi tawar perempuan nelayan dalam rantai nilai perikanan. Selain itu, TIK juga berfungsi sebagai instrumen pemberdayaan sosial melalui penguatan solidaritas kelompok, serta instrumen politik dalam memperjuangkan pengakuan peran perempuan di sektor perikanan. Namun, pemanfaatan TIK masih dihadapkan pada sejumlah hambatan, antara lain rendahnya literasi digital, keterbatasan infrastruktur, minimnya kepemilikan perangkat, serta norma budaya yang patriarkal. Studi lintas negara memperlihatkan variasi tantangan: di negara berkembang dominan pada keterbatasan akses, sementara di negara maju terkait pengakuan sosial-politik. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa strategi pemberdayaan digital harus berbasis konteks lokal, melalui pelatihan literasi berbasis gender, subsidi perangkat, penguatan koperasi perempuan, dan kebijakan inklusif. Secara keseluruhan, TIK tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai alat teknis, tetapi juga sebagai instrumen transformatif untuk mengubah posisi perempuan nelayan dari aktor marginal menjadi agen perubahan dalam pembangunan pesisir.

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Published

2025-11-06