Analisis Pendapatan, Pendidikan, Kesehatan Program Keluarga Harapan Terhadap Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Miskin di Jawa Barat
Abstract
Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) ditujukan untuk membantu individu yang mengalami kemiskinan di Indonesia, termasuk Jawa Barat, mengatasi kebutuhan ekonomi, pendidikan, dan kesehatan. Meskipun bantuan per kepala rumah tangga cukup besar setiap tahunnya, angka kemiskinan di Jawa Barat terus meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti pengaruh PKH dan tingkat inflasi terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat miskin di Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini mencakup 18 kabupaten dan 9 kota di Jawa Barat dengan sampel 135 keluarga penerima manfaat PKH dari tahun 2018-2022, menggunakan teknik probability sampling dan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendapatan PKH dan kesehatan PKH memiliki pengaruh signifikan positif terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat miskin, sedangkan pendidikan PKH tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Sebaliknya, tingkat inflasi memiliki pengaruh signifikan negatif terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat miskin. Ini menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan pendapatan dan kesehatan dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan, sementara inflasi yang tinggi dapat menurunkannya. Variabel-variabel ini secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat miskin di Jawa Barat, menekankan pentingnya kebijakan yang holistik dalam mengatasi kemiskinan.
Kata Kunci: Pendapatan PKH, Pendidikan PKH, Kesehatan PKH, Tingkat Inflasi, Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Miskin
Abstract
Family Hope Program is designed to alleviate poverty in Indonesia, including West Java, meet their economic, educational and health needs. Despite the large amount of assistance per household head each year, the poverty rate in West Java continues to increase. The.objective of this study is to analyze the impact of PKH and the inflation rate on welfare for those impoverished in West Java. This study covers 18 districts and 9 cities in West Java with a sample of 135 PKH beneficiary families from 2018-2022, using probability sampling techniques and multiple regression analysis. The result show that PKH income and PKH health have a positive significant effect on the welfare of the poor, while PKH education has no significant effect. In contrast, the inflation rate has a negative significant effect on the welfare of the poor. This indicates a rise in income and health can improve welfare, while high inflation can reduce it. These variables simultaneously affect the welfare of the poor in West Java, emphasizing the importance of holistic policies in addressing poverty.
Keywords: PKH Income, PKH Education, PKH Health, Inflation Rate, Welfare of Poor Communities
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