POLA SPASIAL GLOBAL KEMISKINAN DESA DI KABUPATEN LOMBOK UTARA
Abstract
Kemiskinan desa merujuk pada kondisi dimana penduduk di daerah pedesaan mengalami kesulitan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan dasar. Kemiskinan setiap desa dilihat dari aspek spasial desa yang merujuk pada bagaimana karakteristik dan kondisi satu desa dapat mempengaruhi atau dipengaruhi oleh desa-desa sekitarnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pola dan hubungan spasial kemiskinan desa di kabupaten Lombok Utara. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berasal dari Tim Nasional Percepatan Penanggulangan Kemiskinan (TNP2K). Metode analisis data menggunakan statistik spasial yang diterapkan dengan metode Indeks Moran. Berdasarkan analisis, hasil uji Indeks Moran menunjukkan bahwa nilai Indeks Moran adalah I = 0,206292. Nilai ini berada dalam rentang 0 < I < 1, yang mengindikasikan adanya autokorelasi spasial positif yang sangat kuat, sehingga kemiskinan di setiap desa di kabupaten Lombok Utara saling berkorelasi. Uji signifikansi Indeks Moran juga menunjukkan bahwa pola kemiskinan di setiap desa di kabupaten Lombok Utara cenderung berkelompok (clustered). Dengan tingkat signifikansi 5%, dapat disimpulkan bahwa setiap desa memiliki kemiripan tingkat kemiskinan dengan desa-desa di sekitarnya, yang menunjukkan adanya korelasi antar desa dalam hal kemiskinan.
Kata Kunci: Kemiskinan desa , spasial, indeks moran
Abstract
Rural poverty is a condition where people in rural areas have difficulty meeting basic needs. The poverty of each village is seen from the spatial aspect of the village which refers to how the characteristics and conditions of one village can affect or be affected by the surrounding villages. This study explores the patterns and spatial relationships of village poverty in the North Lombok district. The data used in this study came from the National Team for the Acceleration of Poverty Reduction (TNP2K). The data analysis method uses spatial statistics applied with the Moran Index method. Based on the analysis, the results of the Moran Index test show that the Moran Index value is I = 0.206292. This value is in the range 0 < I < 1, indicating a very strong positive spatial autocorrelation so that poverty in each village in the North Lombok district is correlated. The Moran Index significance test also shows that the poverty pattern in each village in the North Lombok district tends to be clustered. With a significance level of 5%, it can be concluded that each village has a similar level of poverty to the surrounding villages, which indicates a correlation between villages in terms of poverty.
Keywords: : Rural poverty, spatial, moran index
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