ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI INDEKS KEDALAMAN KEMISKINAN DI PROVINSI PAPUA TAHUN 2017 – 2022
Abstract
Abstrak
Provinsi Papua memiliki beragam potensi yang dapat menunjang perekonomian. Akan tetapi, Provinsi Papua masih belum mampu mengoptimalkan potensi yang dimiliki ditandai oleh sangat tingginya tingkat kemiskinan di Provinsi Papua sehingga dikenal sebagai provinsi termiskin pertama di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh variabel jumlah penduduk, tingkat pengangguran terbuka, dan indeks pembangunan manusia terhadap indeks kedalaman kemiskinan di Provinsi Papua. Data sekunder yang bersumber dari Badan Pusat Statistik tahun 2017 – 2022 digunakan sebagai data pada penelitian ini. Penelitian menggunakan analisis regresi data panel dengan random effect model (REM) dan pengujian asumsi klasik serta hipotesis dengan STATA 17. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa jumlah penduduk, tingkat pengangguran terbuka, dan indeks pembangunan manusia secara bersama-sama berpengaruh signifikan terhadap indeks kedalaman kemiskinan di Provinsi Papua. Secara individu, jumlah penduduk berpengaruh signifikan positif terhadap indeks kedalaman kemiskinan di Provinsi Papua. Sedangkan tingkat pengangguran terbuka dan indeks pembangunan manusia berpengaruh signifikan negatif terhadap indeks kedalaman kemiskinan di Provinsi Papua. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diharapkan bagi pemerintah Provinsi Papua untuk mengiringi peningkatan jumlah penduduk dengan kualitas sumber daya manusia, peningkatan indeks pembangunan manusia dengan kualitas manusia yang riil, dan menekan angka pengangguran dengan memperluas dan menyamaratakan persebaran sektor lapangan kerja.
Kata Kunci: Indeks Kedalaman Kemiskinan, Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka, Jumlah Penduduk, Indeks Pembangunan Manusia, Provinsi Papua
Abstract
Papua Province has various potentials that can support the economy. However, Papua Province is still unable to optimize its potential marked by the very high level of poverty in Papua Province so that it is known as the first poorest province in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze and determine the effect of population, open unemployment rate, and human development index (HDI) on the poverty depth index in Papua Province. The data used in this study is secondary data from Badan Pusat Statistik in 2017 – 2022. The study used panel data regression analysis with random effect model and testing classical assumptions and hypotheses with STATA 17. The result is the population, open unemployment rate, and HDI together have a significant effect on the poverty depth index in Papua Province. Individually, population has a significant positive effect on the poverty depth index. Meanwhile, the open unemployment rate and HDI have a significant negative effect on the poverty depth index in Papua Province. The Papua Provincial government is expected to accompany the increase in population with the quality of human resources, increase the HDI with real human quality, and reduce unemployment by expanding and generalizing the distribution of the employment.
Keywords : Poverty Depth Index, Population, Open Unemployment Rate, Human Development Index, Papua Province
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