Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja di Wilayah Kabupaten/Kota Provinsi Jawa Barat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59664/jded.v4i2.10291Abstract
Menurut Badan Pusat Statistik, Jawa Barat merupakan provinsi yang memiliki tingkat pengangguran terbanyak kedua seindonesia, tetapi provinsi ini juga memiliki tingkat pertumbuhan ekonomi terbesar kedua. Hal ini yang menandakan bahwa Jawa Barat memiliki fenomena jobless growth. Fenomena ini merupakan permasalahan yang berhubungan dengan tingkat penyerapan tenaga kerja, di mana fenomena ini merupakan permasalahan suatu wilayah yang memiliki tingkat pertumbuhan ekonomi yang tinggi, tetapi wilayah tersebut juga mengalami krisis ketersediaan lapangan pekerjaan karena pertumbuhan tersebut tidak mampu menciptakan lapangan pekerjaan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini berfokuskan apa saja yang dapat mempengaruhi tingkat penyerapan tenaga kerja, seperti pendidikan, upah minimum, jumlah penduduk dan produk domestik regional bruto. Penelitian ini memfokuskan 27 kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jawa Barat tahun 2017-2023. Metode yang digunakan adalah data panel dengan model yang terpilihnya adalah FEM. Hasil penelitiannya adalah variabel jumlah penduduk dan produk domestik regional bruto memiliki pengaruh positif yang signifikan terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja, sedangkan variabel pendidikan berdasarkan rata-rata lama sekolah dan upah minimum tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja.
Kata Kunci: Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja; Pendidikan; Upah Minimum; Jumlah Penduduk; Produk Domestik Regional Bruto
Abstract
According to the Central Statistics Agency, West Java is the province with the second highest unemployment rate in Indonesia, but this province also has the second largest economic growth rate. This indicates that West Java has a jobless growth phenomenon. This phenomenon is a problem related to the level of labor absorption, where this phenomenon is a problem of a region that has a high level of economic growth, but the region is also experiencing a crisis in the availability of jobs because this growth is unable to create jobs. Therefore, this research focuses on anything that can influence the level of labor absorption, such as education, minimum wage, population and gross regional domestic product. This research focuses on 27 districts/cities in West Java Province in 2017-2023. The method used is panel data with the model chosen being FEM. The results of the research are that the population and gross regional domestic product variables have a significant positive influence on labor absorption, while the education variable based on average years of schooling and minimum wage does not have a significant influence on labor absorption.
Keywords: Labor Absorption; Education; Minimum Wage; Population; Gross Regional Domestic Product
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