Dampak Kenaikan Tarif PPN terhadap Pendapatan Nasional, Daya Beli, dan Stabilitas Ekonomi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59580/iesbir.v4i1.10024Abstract
Abstract
Value Added Tax (VAT) is the main instrument in increasing state revenue in Indonesia. The policy of increasing the VAT rate from 11% to 12%, as stipulated in the Harmonization of Tax Regulations Act, aims to strengthen state revenue, reduce dependence on foreign debt, and adjust the rate to international standards. However, this VAT rate increase policy raises concerns for the public that it may affect people's purchasing power, inflation, and economic stability, which in turn affects national income both directly and indirectly. This study aims to analyze the impact of the policy on national income, people's purchasing power, and economic stability. The approach used is the literature study method, by reviewing literature related to VAT and relevant economic factors. The results of the analysis show that although an increase in the VAT rate can increase state revenue, it has the potential to reduce people's purchasing power and trigger inflation, especially in an unstable global situation. In the context of Islamic economics, the application of the ihtisab principle is important to ensure that this policy is implemented fairly and does not burden the community.
Keywords: VAT Increase; National Income; Economic Stability; Ihtisab
Abstrak
Pajak Pertambahan Nilai (PPN) menjadi instrumen utama dalam meningkatkan penerimaan negara di Indonesia. Kebijakan kenaikan tarif PPN dari 11% menjadi 12%, yang tertuang dalam Undang-Undang Harmonisasi Peraturan Perpajakan, bertujuan untuk memperkuat penerimaan negara, mengurangi ketergantungan pada utang luar negeri, dan menyesuaikan tarif dengan standar internasional. Namun, kebijakan kenaikan tarif PPN ini menimbulkan kekhawatiran bagi masyarakat yang memungkinkan akan pengaruhnya terhadap daya beli masyarakat, inflasi, dan stabilitas ekonomi, yang pada akhirnya mempengaruhi pendapatan nasional baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak kebijakan tersebut terhadap pendapatan nasional, daya beli masyarakat, dan stabilitas ekonomi. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah metode studi pustaka, dengan menelaah literatur terkait PPN dan faktor ekonomi yang relevan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa meskipun kenaikan tarif PPN dapat meningkatkan penerimaan negara, namun berpotensi menurunkan daya beli masyarakat dan memicu inflasi, terutama dalam situasi global yang tidak stabil. Dalam konteks ekonomi Islam, penerapan prinsip ihtisab menjadi penting untuk memastikan bahwa kebijakan ini dilaksanakan secara adil dan tidak memberatkan masyarakat.
Kata kunci: Kenaikan PPN; Pendapatan Nasional; Stabilitas Ekonomi; Ihtisab
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Copyright (c) 2025 Rika Puspa Dewi, Najwa, Marsha Nur Fauziah, Fithri Dzikrayah, Sulthon Ahmad

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