IMPLEMENTASI PERSONALITAS HUKUM INTERNASIONAL ASEAN DALAM PEMBENTUKAN PERJANJIAN INTERNASIONAL

Dyan Franciska Dumaris Sitanggang

doi:10.35586/jyur.v7i2.348

Penulis

Dyan Franciska Dumaris Sitanggang Fakultas Hukum Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35586/jyur.v7i2.348

Kata Kunci:

ASEAN, personalitas hukum internasional, praktek pembuatan perjanjian

Abstrak

Berbicara tentang ASEAN, muncul pertanyaan mengenai pentingnya ASEAN bagi
komunitas internasional. Apakah ASEAN terbukti sebagai organisasi internasional atau
hanya forum diplomasi yang tidak memiliki kekuatan saat mengadakan hubungan baik
dengan negara-negara anggota atau entitas hukum internasional lain? Piagam ASEAN
menjadikan ASEAN organisasi berdasarkan aturan hukum dan melegitimasi personalitas
hukumnya. Kembali muncul pertanyaan, bagaimana implementasi personalitas hukum
tersebut? Dalam tulisan ini kerja sama internal dan eksternal ASEAN dianalisis dan
dikaitkan dengan pertanggungjawaban. Penting untuk dijabarkan bidang-bidang yang
masuk kompetensi ASEAN untuk membuat perjanjian internasional. Di samping itu,
kepatuhan negara-negara anggota yang menandatangani persetujuan yang dibentuk di
bawah koordinasi ASEAN perlu diperkuat – demi efektifnya implementasi. Di sisi lain,
dalam ambisi mendorong signifikansi ASEAN secara internasional, integrasi negaranegara anggota menjadi sangat penting agar ASEAN bisa tetap berkembang sebagai
sebuah organisasi internasional. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara yuridis normatif dengan
menganalisis perjanjian internasional yang relevan dengan aktivitas ASEAN.

Biografi Penulis

Dyan Franciska Dumaris Sitanggang, Fakultas Hukum Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Dosen Bidang Hukum Internasional, Fakultas Hukum Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Referensi

Instrumen Hukum Nasional dan Internasional

Charter of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, 20 November 2007.

Undang-Undang Nomor 24 Tahun 2000 tentang Perjanjian Internasional, 23 Oktober 2000 (Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2000 Nomor 185, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 4012).

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Treaty of Lisbon Amending the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty Establishing the European Community, 13 Desember 2007.

Consolidated version of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, 13 Desember 2007.

Dokumen Majelis Umum PBB

Report of the International Law Commission, General Assembly Official Record, 66th Session, Supplement No. 10, U.N. Doc. A/66/10.

United Nations General Assembly, Observer Status for the Association of Southeast Asian Nations in the General Assembly, U.N. Doc. A/RES/61/44, 4 Desember 2006.

United Nations General Assembly, Cooperation Between the United Nations and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, U.N. Doc. A/RES/61/46, 4 Desember 2006.

United Nations General Assembly, Cooperation Between the United Nations and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, U.N. Doc. A/RES/63/35, 26 November 2008.

Kasus Hukum

Reparations for Injuries Suffered in the Service of the United Nations, Advisory Opinion, (1949) I.C.J. Rep. 174.

Buku

Acharya, Amitav, Constructing a Security Community in Southeast Asia: ASEAN and the Problems of Regional Order (Routledge, New York, 2001).

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Jurnal dan Artikel

Agusman, Damos Dumoli, Treaty Making Power in ASEAN: Legal Analysis on ASEAN Practices, 14 Opinio Juris 9, 2013.

Askandar, K., et.al. (eds.), The ASEAN Way of Conflict Management: Old Patterns and New Trends, 10 A.J.P.S. 21, 2002.

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Chesterman, Simon, Does ASEAN Exist? The Association of Southeast Asian Nations as an International Legal Personality, 12 Sing. Y.B. Int’L. L. 199, 2008.

Chimni, B. S., International Institutions Today: An Imperial Global State in the Making, 15 Eur. J. Int. L. 1, 2004.

Crawford, James, International Law as Discipline and Profession, 106 Proceedings of the Annual Meeting (American Society of International Law) 471, 2012.

Davidson, Paul, The ASEAN Way and Role of Law in ASEAN Economic Cooperation. 8 Sing. Y.B. Int’l. L. 165, 2004.

Gontha, Peter Frans, Uni Eropa di Ujung Tanduk, Halaman Opini Kompas edisi Sabtu, 1 April 2017.

Koesnaidi, Joseph Wira, et.al., For a More Effective and Competitive ASEAN Dispute Settlement Mechanism, Paper for WTI/SECO Project, 2014.

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Persetujuan ASEAN (berdasarkan tahun)

Agreement on the Establishment of the ASEAN Secretariat, 24 Februari 1976, diakses pada http://asean.org/?static_post=asean-secretariat-basic-documents-agreement-on-the-establishment-of-the-asean-secretariat-bali-24-february-1976-2.

Framework Agreements on Enhancing ASEAN Economic Cooperation, 28 Januari 1992, diakses di http://www.asean.org/storage/images/2012/Economic/AFTA/Common_Effective_Preferential_Tariff/Framework%20Agreements%20on%20Enhancing%20ASEAN%20Economic%20Cooperation%20.pdf.

Treaty on the Southeast Asia Nuclear Weapon-Free Zone, 15 Desember 1995, (berlaku 27 Maret 1997), diakses di http://agreement.asean.org/.

ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution, berlaku 25 November 2003, diakses di http://agreement.asean.org/agreement/detail/238.html.

Arrangement Between the ASEAN Secretariat and the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) on Cooperation in the Field of Intellectual Property Rights, 19 April 2005, diakses di http://treaty.kemlu.go.id/uploads-pub/5428_ASEAN-2005-0214.pdf.

Memorandum of Understanding Between the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and the United Nations (UN) on ASEAN-UN Cooperation, 27 September 2007, diakses di http://asean.org/wp-content/uploads/images/21918.pdf.

Memorandum of Understanding Between the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and the Government of Australia on the Second Phase of the ASEAN-Australia Development Cooperation Program (AADCP II), 23 Juli 2009, diakses di http://asean.org/wp-content/uploads/images/2013/external_relations/Australia/agreements/MOUONAADCPII.pdf.

ASEAN Convention on Counter Terrorism, berlaku 27 Mei 2011, diakses di http://agreement.asean.org/agreement/detail/49.html.

ASEAN Multilateral Agreement on the Full Liberalisation of Passenger Air Services, berlaku 30 Juni 2011, diakses di http://agreement.asean.org/agreement/detail/78.html.

ASEAN Coordinating Council, Rules of Procedure for the Conclusion of International Agreements by ASEAN, 17 November 2011.

ASEAN Human Rights Declaration, 18 November 2012.

Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Indonesia and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) on Hosting and Granting Privileges and Immunities to the ASEAN Secretariat, berlaku 20 November 2012, diakses di http://agreement.asean.org/agreement/detail/256.html.

ASEAN Petroleum Security Agreement, berlaku 22 Maret 2013, diakses di http://agreement.asean.org/agreement/detail/110.html.

ASEAN Agreement on Customs, berlaku 7 November 2014, diakses di http://agreement.asean.org/agreement/detail/75.html.

ASEAN Convention Against Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, berlaku 8 Maret 2017, diakses di http://agreement.asean.org/agreement/detail/330.html.

Protocol to the ASEAN Charter on Dispute Settlement Mechanisms, status instrumen ratifikasi, diakses di http://agreement.asean.org/agreement/detail/42.html.

Treaty on Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters, diakses di http://agreement.asean.org/agreement/detail/56.html.

Lain-lain

Association of Southeast Asian Nations, External Relations, http://asean.org/asean/external-relations/.

Media Release – ASEAN Leaders Sign ASEAN Charter, Singapura, 20 November 2007, diakses di http://asean.org/?static_post=media-release-asean-leaders-sign-asean-charter-singapore-20-november-2007.